Neck shots: The deer drops in its tracks, sometimes requires one it finish it off. I only take neck shots if the deer is close and the vital area isn't clear. I know a lot of hunters prefer neck shots; the 243 does the job.
Lungs: Doesn't drop them normally, but I always find a good blood trail and a dead deer at the end of it. Never had a deer go more than 40 or 50 yards with a lung shot.
Heart: Drops them more often than the lung shot, but not like a neck shot. If they do muster up enough energy to run, they only make it about 10 or 15 yards.
Liver: Another good blood trail with a dead deer at the end. Last year I shot two deer through the liver. For whatever reason I had just aimed a little to far back. I was on foot, started tracking immediately, found a blood trail and a dead deer within 20 yards both times.
Gut shots: Now you have problems. I can recall 2 deer over the years that were gut shot with my 243. Never found either one. If you are gonna wing a deer, having a 300 Win Mag, or a 444 is the way to go. But I think the 243 is more accurate and shootable.
Hinds: If you are having a really off day and put one here your only hope is that you find the deer sitting somewhere near by waiting for you to put it out of its misery.
Between the eyes: I came across a wounded deer one year during doe season and decided to take it since it would have died anyway. Figured it was the right thing to do at the time. The deer was sitting in some cat tails about 15 feet away from me and my dad. My dad recommended I "put one between the eyes". Long story short, bad idea, unless you practice 15 foot shots and your target is a quarter. Between the eyes shots burn a lot of ammo and are traumatic everyone involved. If one of you guys ever find me wounded in the woods, just take me to a hospital.
The vast majority of the deer I took with my 243 were quick, clean kills. Bottom line is if you hit them where you are supposed to you will find a dead deer. If you hit them anywhere else, with any cartridge, you will find it hard to recover that deer. Hope this helps.